Planning is based on foresight, the fundamental capacity for mental time travel. Almost overnight, Justin was responsible for hiring competent people, forming them into a coherent organization, training them, and establishing the needed infrastructure for sustained success in this new market. People quickly learn who the key influencers are within the system, and they will begin to rely on these individuals to accomplish the work of the organization. Involves managers from all parts of the organization in the formulation and implementation of strategic goals and strategies. If you're simply going to ignore their ideas and recommendations, you shouldn't consult at all. A strong strategic plan helps all levels of your business, no matter how large or small. Employees specialize in and become highly advanced in their ability to perform specific functions while also attending to broader organizational needs. What are different types of organizational structures? A participatory process provides community ownership and support of the intervention; information about community history, politics, and past mistakes; and respect and a voice for everyone. A manager should determine the vertical (decisionmaking) and horizontal (coordinating) relationships of the organization as a whole. 1 / 42. planning and setting goals for the future, organizing tasks and assigning responsibilities, influencing and motivating others, monitoring operations and finances, and networking inside and outside the organization. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Established deadlines. As demonstrated in the discussion above of advantages and disadvantages, this kind of process always presents, even at best, a trade-off between efficiency and inclusiveness. However, her geographic accountability is to the manager who is responsible for the region or part of the organization in which she is currently working. answer choices . The informal organization is emergent, meaning that it is formed through the common conversations and relationships that often naturally occur as people interact with one another in their day-to-day relationships. With these goals and objectives in mind, you can create a plan to achieve them. In other cases - particularly where the organization will need a large amount of community support to make it work - it may make sense to present the intervention as the project of your organization. B) Plans to reach a goal must be rigid and not be distracted by current events. Delegating . Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Management Ch. 2 Planning Flashcards Thus, an organizations overall objectives drive how specialization should be viewed. 1994-2023The University of Kansas. The informal organization in Justins design will form as people begin interacting with one another to accomplish their work. If they don't, perhaps they would be under the assumption that bringing in two new clients a month is excellent, when in actuality, it is only 40% of your goal. Thats why we designed this simple quiz, to help you get to the bottom of your organizing style. Strategic planning in healthcare organizations involves creating objectives and setting goals for where the organization sees itself in the long-term. A community intervention may involve a number of organizations, public agencies and services, and other groups. Care must be taken in getting the process under way. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. The planning process may be a rubber stamp for ideas that have already been developed. -having the intended result. A good facilitator generally doesn't come cheap, so if you need one, you'll have to decide whether you can afford to hire her. Click the card to flip . When an organization decides to take on a community intervention - whether a full -fledged service program or a one-time campaign to accomplish one specific goal - it can often increase its chance of success by using a participatory planning process. In this section, well discuss the factors that any manager should consider when designing an organizational structure. To address these questions, we need to be familiar with two fundamental ways of building an organization. Recruitment Process: 5 Steps Involved in Recruitment Process (with diagram) First, an organizational structure is a system for accomplishing and connecting the activities that occur within a work organization. She is the author of Money$marts and Piggy Banks to Paycheck. The workers actually have some control over production." When involving all or most stakeholders simply isn't logistically possible, because of distance, time, or other issues. The Organizational Process Organizing, like planning, must be a carefully worked out and applied process. The more experience you get with the planning process and with the operational side of your business, the more accurately you will be able to plan. In many of these cases, you'll find that the target population - and often the larger community as well - was included in the planning of the intervention from the beginning. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Organization helps make sure that your ideas are clearly communicated., the structure and arrangement of a piece of writing., an inviting introduction draws the reader in, the author has included thoughtful transitions, the order of the ideas are logical and effective, the pacing is well controlled, and the conclusion gives a . They may be members of the target population itself, or outsiders - clergy, advisors, former community members who now move in circles of power, politicians, etc. Adoption of a budget in the public sector implies that a set of . David Wilcox, in his excellent "Guide to Effective Participation," sets out the following as a model of the different possible levels of participation: Each of these levels may be appropriate in different circumstances, or with different groups, although only at "deciding together" and above do they really begin to be fully participatory in the sense that the term is used in this section. Supporting local initiatives may be appropriate when: As you try to determine what level of participation is right for your situation, consider this: A participatory planning process has the potential to become a charade meant only to convince the community that a participatory process is going on. A process of succession has the cardinals voting on a new pope, and white smoke billowing out of the Sistine Chapel signals that they have chosen the new pope. Know more about - Organizing Function of Management In many communities, clergy wield great influence, and many see involvement in community issues as part of their spiritual mission. To establish the formal organization, they will identify the essential functions that need to be part of the system, and they will hire people to fill these functions. Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility. Succession planning is the process of identifying very important positions in the organization and creating a talent pipeline, by preparing employees to fill vacancies in their organization as others retire or move on. MGMT 3303 Exam 2 Flashcards Nothing has changed. Productivity and Total Quality Management, WorldClass Quality: ISO 9000 Certification. B. span of control. Angie Mohr, CPA, CA, and CMA, has 18+ years of experience as a freelance finance writer. This employee has accountability in both directions. Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships. If they're involved from the beginning, they may be able to bend rules or otherwise alter their procedures to smooth the way for the intervention. In an organic system, it is assumed that greater efficiencies will be seen by distributing those resources and having the resources sorted by the users of the resources. If you can manage a planning process that meets all these requirements, the chances are that you will come up with a successful community intervention, one that truly works and meets the community's needs. Intro to Bus. Chapter 7 Flashcards Employees in a consulting firm might be organized around a particular kind of practice that they work in or support. National Patient and Procedure Volume Tracker, changing due to technological advancements or government mandates, Strategic planning in healthcare organizations, Strategic planning for healthcare facilities, Financial Planning Software for Hospitals, National Patient and Procedure Volume Tracker. The media, or others who have a public platform. When Justin sets up the formal organization, they will need to design the administrative responsibilities and communication structures that should function within an organizational system. In a situation where divisions are deep, or where no one available has the needed skills to keep the planning process on track, there may be a need for a neutral and experienced facilitator. There is more emphasis on: working in teams. The span of control assigned to any specific manager is commonly used to encourage either mechanistic or organic bureaucracy. Either perspective may work, depending on the circumstances. A manager in a mechanistic structure usually has a narrow span of control so that they can provide more oversight. Managers of a particular unit oversee all of the operations of the business for that geographical area. Finally, the process must be maintained over time, so that momentum will not be lost. Mekonginfo, Regional Information System on Participatory Natural Resource Management That doesn't mean that people can't challenge others' assumptions, or argue about what the best strategy might be. A mission-based strategic plan ties each part of the plan into the mission, to ensure that the company is always operating in the service of that mission. The trick is to balance participation and time restraints, and to try to use the highest level of participation possible under the circumstances. Team collaboration and cooperation is an essential component in delivering high-quality healthcare. Particular individuals or groups may feel left out and disrespected if they're not invited to participate. Why do organizations need organizational development? The span of control given to any one manager encourages them to provide appropriate oversight while also relying on employees to do their part. This would allow you to correct course, perhaps changing your business plan and goals slightly to focus on your strengths, while allowing you to eliminate your weakness, making your business stronger and increasing the likelihood of achieving your goals. This process involves determining what work is needed to accomplish the goal, assigning those tasks to individuals, and arranging those individuals in a decisionmaking framework (organizational structure). The healthcare industry is sometimes too complex and confusing for most to understand. Your employees and stakeholders will have improved confidence and faith in your organization. You also have to set them according to economic trends, government policies, and technological advancements. A grant may have to be written immediately, for instance, or a situation - youth violence, perhaps - may have reached such crisis proportions that it must be addressed immediately. All of this takes time, but the rewards are great. The first part of a strategic plan is the business plan, which outlines the purpose of the business, budgets, goals, and the mission statement. Depending upon the community, it could be important to think carefully about who should be in that position. At the very least, people deserve an explanation of why their advice isn't being followed. In order to conduct such a process well, you have to carefully consider what level of participation is most appropriate under the circumstances. In this section, we'll explore what a participatory planning process is, why it's valuable, its potential advantages and disadvantages, and how to use it to plan an effective intervention - one where everything goes right. Similarly, the need for a strong environment of command-and-control varies by the circumstances of each organization. As this occurs, people will begin connecting with one another as they make sense of their new roles and relationships. Faith-based groups, because of their cohesiveness, their sense of purpose, and their moral standing, can be powerful forces in a community. Forming such a relationship, even in circumstances where everyone truly desires it, is not a quick or easy task. How well you maintain the process once it's begun is just as important to its success as how well you start it. It takes time, commitment both to the process and the end product (the partnership), and the willingness to air and work through disagreements and philosophical differences. Chapter 1 managers & managing Flashcards State or federal elected or appointed officials who have influence in the community or over the issue at which the intervention is aimed. These are the kinds of questions that require an understanding of organizational structure, organizational design, organizational change, and organizational development. __________ is the art of utilizing organizational resources to accomplish goals . The functional responsibility has to do with her specialty as it correlates with the strategy of the company as a whole. We all have different styles oforganizing. Planning out the future of your business is the best way to ensure success. Participatory Approaches to Planning Community Interventions. If the planning group is meant to continue, either to furnish oversight of the final plan, or to keep developing and changing the intervention as circumstances and the community's needs change, an ongoing participatory approach may be even more important to the intervention's success. planning & organizing | Fun Quiz Budgeting is the process of allocating finite resources to the prioritized needs of an organization. Planning Flashcards The use of that term implies not just that you'll ask for someone's opinion before you do what you were going to do anyway, but rather that each participant becomes an important contributor to the planning process. That's the ideal. Mission. Bureaucracy Basics. Making time to evaluate your business on an ongoing basis will allow you to determine how well your results are adhering to your plan. a. PowerPlay is a worldwide game creator with branches in Europe . . Mechanistic organizations are often characterized by a highly vertical organizational structure, or a tall structure, due to the presence of many levels of management. The best ______________ for a particular situation can be determined by the experience of the employees, the strength of corporate values, and the complexity of tasks, among other factors. Every employee wants to have the responsibility to make decisions they know will benefit your organization. These problems can occur when different parts of an organization fail to communicate effectively with one another. They also tend to be conservative, so that if they support the effort, their credibility - and, as a result, that of the intervention itself - may be high among other conservative elements in the community. Their success at leading change in the United States gave their leaders the confidence that Justin could handle a challenging assignment: organize a new supply chain and distribution system for a company in Northern Europe. They will then need to help employees learn their functions and how these functions should relate to one another. What are mechanistic versus organic organizational structures? The traditional organizational chart, as illustrated in Exhibit 10.2, is perhaps the most common way of depicting the formal organization. The formal systems describe how flow of information and resources should occur within an organization. People whom the target community sees as significant opinion makers. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? As an older, large organization, the Catholic Church has a tall global structure with the pope in the Vatican at the apex. It does mean, however, that everyone's thoughts are respected, and it isn't necessarily assumed that the professionals or the well -educated automatically know what's best. A highly centralized organization concentrates resources in only one or very few locations, or only a few individuals are authorized to make decisions about the use of resources. In some of these situations, a participatory process can cause as many problems as never involving people at all. teen mothers, for a job training program aimed at teen parents) or very general (the community as a whole, for a smoking prevention and cessation initiative aimed at everyone in the community). Prologue Flashcards When a bureaucratic structure works well, an organization achieves an appropriate balance across all of these considerations. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Organizational design decisions are made about:, Planning is the function of management that involves setting objectives and determining a course of action for achieving these objectives., Monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson are the three decisional managerial roles in an organization. Steps, Stages, and What to Consider, Enterprise Risk Management (ERM): What Is It and How It Works. and more. Another question addresses the scope of the work that any one person in the organization will be accountable for, referred to as span of control. She may also be able to make what is by nature a sloppy process more efficient and effective. Directors or staff of other organizations affected by the problem or issue. They're just going through the motions, so they can tell the public they're doing something different.". Designing Community Interventions, Section 3. Identifying Targets and Agents of Change: Who Can Benefit and Who Can Help, Section 4. Definition. How would you organize your employees? chapter 7 Flashcards Aside from the considerations outlined above, organizations will often set structures according to the functional needs of the organization. The evolution of forethought, the capacity to think ahead, is considered to have been a prime mover in human evolution. Click on one of the answers below to get started. Transformational leaders clearly communicate their organizations vision, believe in their individual employees, and have the abilities to produce high levels of performance. Your contribution can help change lives. But you'll also have to decide whether you can afford not to hire her, if you want to plan an intervention that works. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True/False: The "P" in the SLEEPE principle refers only to elected political officials., True/False: Goals are qualitative, while objectives are quantitative., True/False: Most sport organizations are nonprofit and voluntary in nature. If the police or other community employees are to be asked to take on extra duties or to cooperate in specific ways to make the intervention work, they should be included in the planning. Without clear communication to your employees, your business will be a boat set adrift without any course to follow. If your process is meant to be as inclusive as possible, then you should be using as many avenues as possible to inform the community about it - press releases, newspaper stories, fliers, posters, and public service announcements (PSA's) on radio and television, as well as community presentations, personal contact (either face-to-face or by phone), mailings, etc. If the organizing process is not conducted well, the results may yield confusion, frustration, loss of efficiency, and limited effectiveness. The list of possible participants earlier in this section is one place to start. Planning entails both. For example, if your mission statement is to be recognized as a leader in the financial services sector and to help families become financially independent, your strategic plans should address how you will meet those goals. who actually administer policy in the community. Once you have had your business running for a while and block out time to follow up on your strategic plan, you will be able to determine where the strengths and weaknesses in your business lie. In its simplest terms, a participatory approach is one in which everyone who has a stake in the intervention has a voice, either in person or by representation. There are two fundamental forms of structure to remember when designing an organization. The degree to which people are organized into subunits according to their expertise is referred to as specializationfor example, human resources, finance, marketing, or manufacturing. Section 2. It may seem awkward and difficult at first to create a strategic plan, but with practice, you will be able to move your business in the right direction. Webers central assumption was that organizations will find efficiencies when they divide the duties of labor, allow people to specialize, and create structure for coordinating their differentiated efforts, usually within a hierarchy of responsibility. Tweak the plan going forward to account for changes in your business or the general economic climate. Local university professors or researchers who are viewed as experts on the issue in question. Analysis of a participatory planning initiative and some of the difficulties it faces. Removing #book# You may be talking about thousands of people, too many for an effective planning process. Make sure attainment is under control. Organization quiz Flashcards In contrast, managers who wish to encourage more mechanistic bureaucracy will use tools such as standard operating procedures (SOPs) or written policies to set expectations and exercise clear controls around those expectations for employees. Part of Proctor and Gamble's strategy for workforce planning is that: a. the vice president of HR takes primary responsibility for the development of the company's top managers. Aby Garvey is an organizing expert who believes organizing can be creative and funthe more you love an organizing solution, the more likely you are to use it. Many low-income or minority individuals and groups feel that they have no voice in the society, that they are not listened to even when they are asked for their opinions. That means both using plain, understandable English, and using other languages spoken by people in the community. What concepts should guide decisions about how to design structures? Take This Quiz: What's Your Organizing Style?